The Centrality of Kyai in Establishing Moderate Understandings in Salafiyyah Pesantren
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.31538/nzh.v7i3.3Keywords:
Intolerance, Yellow Book, Pesantren, ModerationAbstract
The yellow book as a compulsory curriculum in Salafiyyah Islamic boarding schools includes intolerant teachings, especially in the chapters of jihad and hudud. However, the students at this pesantren showed extraordinary tolerance and avoided cases of religious violence. This sketch shows that the students did not just learn and explicitly follow the teachings of centuries-old religious texts. This article reveals the guidance of kyai (Islamic religious leaders) in shaping the attitude of tolerance of students through the interpretation of the yellow book. With a qualitative approach in the form of a case study, this study interviews the kyai who act as supervisors and teachers at the Sabilurrosyad Islamic boarding school in Malang. The findings of the study revealed that the kyai consistently guided their students in understanding classical texts based on their socio-cultural background, by emphasizing obedience to the government, respecting local wisdom, considering social conditions, and maintaining tolerance of other religions. In conclusion, kyai plays an important role as an interpreter of the yellow book so that students have a moderate understanding.
Downloads
References
Abidin, Zainal, and Akhmad Sirojuddin. “Developing Spiritual Intelligence Through The Internalization of Sufistic Values: Learning From Pesantren Education.” Tafkir: Interdisciplinary Journal of Islamic Education 5, no. 2 (May 3, 2024): 331–43. https://doi.org/10.31538/tijie.v5i2.783.
Aisyah, Siti, Munaya Ulil Ilmi, Muhammad Amirudin Rosyid, Eni Wulandari, and Fandi Akhmad. “Kiai Leadership Concept in The Scope of Pesantren Organizational Culture.” Tafkir: Interdisciplinary Journal of Islamic Education 3, no. 1 (2022): 40–59. https://doi.org/10.31538/tijie.v3i1.106.
Alam, Naufal Ahmad Rijalul. “Strengthening Leadership Culture (The Role of Kyai in Indonesian Pesantren).” At-Ta’dib 13, no. 1 (June 20, 2018): 5. https://doi.org/10.21111/at-tadib.v13i1.1986.
Alfons, Matius. “BNPT Ungkap Ada 119 Ponpes Terafiliasi Jaringan ISIS, 68 Jaringan JI.” detiknews. Accessed January 24, 2024. https://news.detik.com/berita/d-5915813/bnpt-ungkap-ada-119-ponpes-terafiliasi-jaringan-isis-68-jaringan-ji.
Amaroh, Siti, Ari Kristin Prasetyoningrum, and Husna Husain. “Women and Investment Decision in Sharia Instruments: Moderating Effect of Financial Spirituality Orientation.” Jurnal Ilmiah Peuradeun 12, no. 2 (May 30, 2024): 877–98. https://doi.org/10.26811/peuradeun.v12i2.1332.
Ansori, Mujahid. “Pengembangan Kurikulum Madrasah Di Pesantren.” Munaddhomah: Jurnal Manajemen Pendidikan Islam 1, no. 1 (2020): 41–50. https://doi.org/10.31538/munaddhomah.v1i1.32.
Aryati, Ani, and A. Suradi. “The Implementation of Religious Tolerance: Study on Pesantren Bali Bina Insani with Bali Hindus Communities.” Jurnal Ilmiah Peuradeun 10, no. 2 (May 30, 2022): 471–90. https://doi.org/10.26811/peuradeun.v10i2.646.
Aziz, Abdul, Saliha Sebgag, Muhammad Mujtaba Mitra Zuana, and Ira Suryani. “Learning Arabic Pegon for Non-Javanese Santri at Pesantren.” Jurnal Pendidikan Islam 8, no. 2 (December 31, 2022): 113–26. https://doi.org/10.15575/jpi.v8i2.19581.
Aziz, Mursal, Zulkipli Nasution, M. Syukri Azwar Lubis, Suhardi, and Muhammad Rifai Harahap. “Tahfidzul Qur’an Curriculum Media Innovation in Islamic Boarding Schools.” Tafkir: Interdisciplinary Journal of Islamic Education 5, no. 2 (April 2, 2024): 235–49. https://doi.org/10.31538/tijie.v5i2.970.
Barkah, Qodariah, Arne Huzaimah, Siti Rochmiyatun, Andriyani, and Zulmi Ramdani. “Abandonment of Women’s Rights in Child Marriage; An Islamic Law Perspective.” AL-IHKAM: Jurnal Hukum & Pranata Sosial 17, no. 2 (December 31, 2022): 383–411. https://doi.org/10.19105/al-lhkam.v17i2.6725.
Basri, Hasan, Nurhayuni, Salfen Hasri, and Sohiron. “Modern Education Management: Challenges, Strategies Towards a Future of Continuing Education.” Munaddhomah: Jurnal Manajemen Pendidikan Islam 5, no. 3 (July 2, 2024): 260–69. https://doi.org/10.31538/munaddhomah.v5i3.875.
Bruinessen, Martin. “Kitab Kuning; Books in Arabic Script Used in the Pesantren Milieu; Comments on a New Collection in the KITLV Library.” Bijdragen Tot de Taal-, Land- En Volkenkunde / Journal of the Humanities and Social Sciences of Southeast Asia 146, no. 2 (January 1, 1990): 226–69. https://doi.org/10.1163/22134379-90003218.
———. “Pesantren and Kitab Kuning: Continuity and Change in a Tradition of Religious Learning,” 1994.
Bruinessen, Martin van. Kitab Kuning, Pesantren Dan Tarekat: Tradisi-Tradisi Islam Di Indonesia. Vol. 17. Bandung: Mizan, 1995.
Bugha, Musthafa Al. “At-Tadzhib Fi Adillati Matan al-Ghayah Wat Taqrib.” Haramain, 1978.
Burga, Muhammad Alqadri, and Muljono Damopolii. “Reinforcing Religious Moderation through Local Culture-Based Pesantren.” Jurnal Pendidikan Islam 8, no. 2 (December 31, 2022): 145–62. https://doi.org/10.15575/jpi.v8i2.19879.
Daheri, Mirzon, Petrus Jacob Pattiasina, Nanda Saputra, Nana Meily Nurdiansyah, and Lailatul Uzlifah. “Pengaruh Reward Dan Punishment Terhadap Profesionalisme Guru.” Munaddhomah: Jurnal Manajemen Pendidikan Islam 3, no. 4 (2022): 388–97. https://doi.org/10.31538/munaddhomah.v3i4.304.
Dhofier, Zamakhsyari. Tradisi pesantren: studi pandangan hidup kyai dan visinya mengenai masa depan Indonesia. Cet. 8 rev. Jakarta: LP3ES, 2011.
Dirdjosanjoto, Pradjarta. Memelihara Umat ; Kiai Pesantren-Kiai Langgar di Jawa. Lkis Pelangi Aksara, 1997.
Faisal, Ahmad, Mustaqim Pabbajah, Irwan Abdullah, Nova Effenty Muhammad, and Muh. Rusli. “Strengthening Religious Moderatism through the Traditional Authority of Kiai in Indonesia.” Cogent Social Sciences 8, no. 1 (December 31, 2022): 2150450. https://doi.org/10.1080/23311886.2022.2150450.
Fajrussalam, Hisny. “Core Moderation Values Dalam Tradisi Kitab Kuning Di Pondok Pesantren.” Atthulab Islamic Religion Teaching and Learning Journal 5 (November 2, 2020): 210–24. https://doi.org/10.15575/ath.v5i2.8371.
Fatimah, Fahmi Siti, Hasyim Asy’ari, Anis Sandria, and Juli Amaliya Nasucha. “Learning Fiqh Based on the TAPPS (Think Aloud Pair Problem Solving) Method in Improving Student Learning Outcomes.” At-Tadzkir: Islamic Education Journal 2, no. 1 (January 21, 2023): 1–15.
Garba, Muhammad Dare, and Yusuf Olawale Owa-Onire Uthman. “The Covid 19 And The Likes Of Possible Pandemic: An Islamic Way To Earnest Prophylaxis.” Dirasah: International Journal of Islamic Studies 1, no. 1 (April 11, 2023): 1–9.
Ghozali, Abdul Malik. “Transmisi Hadits Syaikh Mahfuz Dalam Kitab Kifayat Al-Mustafid.” Jurnal Islamia 10, no. 2 (2016).
Halimi, Mahfuh Bin Haji, and Muhammad Saiful Alam Shah Bin Sudiman. “Religious Extremism: Challenging Extremist And Jihadist Propaganda.” Counter Terrorist Trends and Analyses 13, no. 1 (2021): 112–17. https://www.jstor.org/stable/26979991.
Hannan, Abd, and Kudrat Abdillah. “Hegemoni Religio-Kekuasaan Dan Transformasi Sosial Mobilisasi Jaringan Kekuasaan Dan Keagamaan Kyai Dalam Dinamika Sosio-Kultural Masyarakat.” Sosial Budaya 16, no. 1 (July 31, 2019): 9–24. https://doi.org/10.24014/sb.v16i1.7037.
Helim, Abdul, Rafik Patrajaya, Nadirsyah Hosen, Arifki Budia Warman, and Wafid Syuja’ Vennovary Benevolent. “Fiqh Reference Patterns of the Majelis Taklim in Central Kalimantan.” El-Mashlahah 14, no. 1 (June 30, 2024): 169–88. https://doi.org/10.23971/el-mashlahah.v14i1.7872.
Heriyono, Heriyono, Rudolf Chrysoekamto, Rezki Nurma Fitriah, and Ari Kartiko. “Gaya Kepemimpinan Prof. Dr. Kh. Asep Saifuddin Chalim Dalam Meningkatkan Motivasi Kerja Karyawan Di Pesantren.” Munaddhomah: Jurnal Manajemen Pendidikan Islam 2, no. 1 (August 3, 2021): 21–30. https://doi.org/10.31538/munaddhomah.v2i1.64.
Indra, H., I. Rusydi, Sutisna, I.K. Rahman, and Dedi. “Salafiyah Pesantren and Management Prophecy in Digital 4.0 Era.” Journal of Advanced Research in Dynamical and Control Systems 12, no. 2 (2020): 2595–99. https://doi.org/10.5373/JARDCS/V12I2/S20201308.
Ismail, Faisal. Paradigma Kebudayaan Islam : Studi Kritis Dan Refleksi Histor. Edited by Mathori Alwustho. Yogyakarta: Titian Ilahi Press, 1998. https://inlislite.uin-suska.ac.id/opac/detail-opac?id=1358.
Jamhari. “Mapping Radical Islam in Indonesia.” Studia Islamika 10, no. 3 (2003): 1–28. https://doi.org/10.15408/sdi.v10i3.622.
Kader, Muhammad Rizqi, Muhammad Husnur Rofiq, and Muhammad Anas Ma`arif. “Religious Moderation Education Strategy at the Mualaf Assembly.” At-Tadzkir: Islamic Education Journal 3, no. 1 (March 1, 2024): 35–46. https://doi.org/10.59373/attadzkir.v3i1.46.
Kamaludin, Ahmad, and Iskandar Iskandar. “Islamic Fanatism and Terrorism Cases in Indonesia the Perspective of Islamic Criminal Law.” El-Mashlahah 12, no. 2 (December 31, 2022): 153–63. https://doi.org/10.23971/el-mashlahah.v12i2.4397.
Kartodirdjo, Sartono. The Peasants’ Revolt of Banten in 1888: Its Conditions, Course and Sequel: A Case Study of Social Movements in Indonesia. Brill, 1966. https://www.jstor.org/stable/10.1163/j.ctt1w76vfh.
Ma`arif, Muhammad Anas, Muhammad Husnur Rofiq, and Akhmad Sirojuddin. “Implementing Learning Strategies for Moderate Islamic Religious Education in Islamic Higher Education.” Jurnal Pendidikan Islam 8, no. 1 (June 6, 2022): 75–86. https://doi.org/10.15575/jpi.v8i1.19037.
Marzuki, Miftahuddin, and M. Murdiono. “Multicultural Education in Salaf Pesantren and Prevention of Religious Radicalism in Indonesia.” Cakrawala Pendidikan 39, no. 1 (2020): 12–25. https://doi.org/10.21831/cp.v39i1.22900.
Motzki, Harald. The Origins of Islamic Jurisprudence: Meccan Fiqh Before the Classical Schools. BRILL, 2002.
Mulia, Musdah. “Hukum Islam Dan Dinamika Feminisme Dalam Organisasi Nahdlatul Ulama’.” Al-Ahkam 23, no. 1 (April 21, 2013): 37–56. https://doi.org/10.21580/ahkam.2013.23.1.72.
Munir, and Mohd Roslan Mohd Nor. “Characteristics of Preserving Salafiyah Islamic Boarding School Traditions: Lessons from Indonesia and Malaysia.” Jurnal Pendidikan Islam 10, no. 1 (August 30, 2021): 67–88. https://doi.org/10.14421/jpi.2021.101.67-88.
Murharyana, Murharyana, Ibnu Imam Al Ayyubi, Rifqi Rohmatulloh, and Irfan Suryana. “Behavior Change of Darul Falah Senior High School Students After Attending Tabligh Akbar.” Dirasah International Journal of Islamic Studies 1, no. 2 (October 17, 2023): 68–77. https://doi.org/10.59373/drs.v1i2.17.
Nurdin, Ali, and Maulidatus Syahrotin Naqqiyah. “Model moderasi beragama berbasis pesantren salaf.” ISLAMICA: Jurnal Studi Keislaman 14, no. 1 (September 1, 2019): 82–102.
Pertiwi, Adhe Kusuma, Sinta Septia Anggra Cahyani, Risma Chulashotud Diana, and Imam Gunawan. “The Leadership of Kyai: A Descriptive Study,” 121–26. Atlantis Press, 2018. https://doi.org/10.2991/coema-18.2018.32.
Pribadi, Yanwar. “Religious Networks in Madura: Pesantren, Nahdlatul Ulama, and Kiai as the Core of Santri Culture.” Al-Jami’ah: Journal of Islamic Studies 51, no. 1 (June 15, 2013): 1–32. https://doi.org/10.14421/ajis.2013.511.1-32.
Pruwanto. “BNPT Umumkan 19 Pesantren Yang Digolongkan Radikal.” Tempo, February 2, 2016. https://nasional.tempo.co/read/741541/bnpt-umumkan-19-pesantren-yang-digolongkan-radikal.
Purwono, Andi. “Perbudakan Dan Pembunuhan Terhadap Tawanan Perang: Membandingkan Pemikiran Imam Abu Suja Dalam Kitab Taqrib Dan Hukum Humaniter Internasional.” Iqtisad: Reconstruction of Justice and Welfare for Indonesia 7, no. 2 (2020): 198–213.
Saadah, Rifngatus, and Hasyim Asy’ari. “Manajemen Sekolah Berbasis Pesantren Dalam Membentuk Karakter Peserta Didik.” Kharisma: Jurnal Administrasi Dan Manajemen Pendidikan 1, no. 1 (September 30, 2022): 1–11. https://doi.org/10.59373/kharisma.v1i1.1.
Saefudin, Ahmad, Feblur Triharwanto, Yushinta E. Farida, Mahalli Mahalli, Abdul Rozaq, and Hayu D. Yulistianti. “The Socio-Cultural Resilience of Islamic Boarding School: Supporting and Inhibiting Factors,” 207–14. Atlantis Press, 2022. https://doi.org/10.2991/assehr.k.220104.031.
Saim, Khalid Kamal, and Ahmad El-Muhammady. “Confronting Extremism and Radicalisation in Afghanistan: Educative Approach.” At-Tadzkir: Islamic Education Journal 4, no. 1 (2025): 1–22. https://doi.org/10.59373/attadzkir.v4i1.80.
Salam, Solichin, and Hasyim Asyʼari. K.H. Hasjim Asj’ari, ulama besar Indonesia. Djakarta: Djaja Murni, 1963.
Sirojuddin, Akhmad, Ashlahuddin Ashlahuddin, and Andika Aprilianto. “Manajemen Kurikulum Terpadu Berbasis Multiple Intellegences Di Pondok Pesantren.” Munaddhomah: Jurnal Manajemen Pendidikan Islam 3, no. 1 (April 23, 2022): 35–42. https://doi.org/10.31538/munaddhomah.v3i1.143.
Solichin, Mohammad Muchlis. “Interrelation Kiai Authorities, Curriculum and Learning Culture in Pesantren Indonesia.” TARBIYA: Journal of Education in Muslim Society 5, no. 1 (2018): 86–100. https://doi.org/10.15408/tjems.v5i1.7781.
Supriadi, Cecep. “Relasi Islam dan Negara: Wacana Keislaman dan Keindonesiaan.” Kalimah: Jurnal Studi Agama dan Pemikiran Islam 13, no. 2 (September 30, 2015): 199–221. https://doi.org/10.21111/klm.v13i2.285.
Suyanta, Sri, Saifuddin Saifuddin, and Syamsul Bahri. “Tolerance Development Model for Students of Dayah Salafiyah in Aceh.” Jurnal Ilmiah Peuradeun 12, no. 2 (May 30, 2024): 809–30. https://doi.org/10.26811/peuradeun.v12i2.1308.
Wajdi, Farid, Achmad Sanusi, Dedi Mulyasana, Sofyan Sauri, Ahmad Khori, and Saepuloh Saepuloh. “The Pattern of Leadership of Kiai in Managing Learning Pesantren.” Nidhomul Haq : Jurnal Manajemen Pendidikan Islam 7, no. 1 (March 20, 2022): 15–30. https://doi.org/10.31538/ndh.v7i1.1832.
Yani, Muhammad Turhan, Choirul Mahfud, S. A. P. Rangga Sa’adillah, Mohammad Reevany Bustami, Maskuri, and Ahmad Taufiq. “Advancing the Discourse of Muslim Politics in Indonesia: A Study on Political Orientation of Kiai as Religious Elites in Nahdlatul Ulama.” Heliyon 8, no. 12 (December 1, 2022): e12218. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.heliyon.2022.e12218.
Yusuf, Muhammad. Relasi Teks dan Konteks. Indie Book Corner, 2020.
Zulmuqim, Zainimal, M. Kustati, Besral, and Refinaldi. “The Characteristics of Pesantren in the Development of Islamic Education in West Sumatra.” Ulumuna 24, no. 1 (2020): 132–54. https://doi.org/10.20414/ujis.v24i1.382
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2024 Anis Humaidi, Najihatul Fadhliyah, Sufirmansyah Sufirmansyah
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
Mendeley
Zotero
Grammarly
Spelling & Grammar
Turnitin 
